Inclusive Dualism : Labour-intensive Development, Decent Work, and Surplus Labour in Southern Africa (Critical Frontiers of Theory, Research, and Policy in International Development Studies)

Nattrass, Nicoli/ Seekings, Jeremy

Oxford University Press（2019/05発売）

• 製本 Hardcover:ハードカバー版／ページ数 230 p.
• 言語 ENG
• 商品コード 9780198841463
• DDC分類 331.0968

Full Description

W. Arthur Lewis, the founding father of development economics, proposed a dualist model of economic development in which 'surplus' (predominantly under-employed) labour shifted from lower to higher productivity work. In practice, historically, this meant that labour was initially drawn out of subsistence agriculture into low-wage, labour-intensive manufacturing, including in clothing production, before shifting into higher-wage work. This development strategy has become unfashionable. The International Labour Organisation (ILO) worries that low-wage, labour-intensive industry promises little more than an impoverishing 'race to the bottom'. Inclusive Dualism: Labour-intensive Development, Decent Work, and Surplus Labour in Southern Africa argues that decent work fundamentalism, that is the promotion of higher wages and labour productivity at the cost of lower-wage job destruction, is a utopian vision with potentially dystopic consequences for countries with high open unemployment, many of which are in Southern Africa.

Using the South African clothing industry as a case study Inclusive Dualism argues that decent work fundamentalism ignores the inherently differentiated character of industry resulting in the unnecessary destruction of labour-intensive jobs and the bifurcation of society into highly-paid, high-productivity insiders and low-paid or unemployed outsiders. It demonstrates the broader relevance of the South Africa case, examining the growth in surplus labour across Africa. It shows that low- and high-productivity firms can co-exist, and challenges the notion that a race to the bottom is inevitable. Inclusive Dualism instead favours multi-pronged development strategies that prioritise labour-intensive job creation as well as facilitating productivity growth elsewhere without destroying jobs.

Contents

1: Introduction to Inclusive Dualism
2: Dualism and Development
3: Labour Productivity and Employment in Surplus Labour Countries
4: Trajectories of Development and the Global Clothing Industry
5: The Moral Economy of Low-Wage Work
6: Decent Work Fundamentalism and Job Destruction in the South African Clothing Industry
7: The Political Economy of Upgrading: Trade Union Strategy and Industrial Policy in South Africa
8: Conclusion: Unemployment, Inclusive Dualism, and the Illusion of Decent Work Fundamentalism