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Full Description
The outcome of innovation processes are determined by complex, historically grown valuation practices. In this book, a wide range of innovations are taken into consideration, from small inventions like entertainment novelties to large societal changes through new technologies. The chapters observe the particular local or distributed sites in which their episodes of innovation take place, and they identify the initial dissonance among those judging a newly proposed alternative. The emphasis of the inquiry, however, is on the practices of valuation that are at work when something succeeds in being "new".
The authors represent a wide variety of sub-disciplines and national backgrounds in the social sciences. They share an interest in social valuation and a pragmatist approach. The differences between their empirical evidence reflect the wide variety of appearances that valuation takes in contemporary society. They are anthropologists, economic or cultural sociologists, organization researchers, historians or political scientists. A number of chapters deals with aesthetic valuation, as in the tasting of a new vintage, or in the socio-technical process that shaped successful synthesizer sounds. Other chapters discuss the judgment processes in organizations, like architect offices or consultancy firms, and processes of evaluation and valorization in larger fields of practice, like accounting or mathematics. The studies are both of interest in their various professional fields, and contribute to a more general understanding of the social and cultural conditions under which innovations fail and succeed.
Contents
Pragmatist Perspectives on Valuation: An Introduction ; PART I: VARIETIES OF AESTHETIC VALUATION ; 2. Moments in the Valuation of Sound: The Early History of Synthesizers ; 3. Paying Attention: What is Tasting Wine About? ; 4. Dissonant Translations: Artistic Sources of Innovation in Creative Industries ; 5. Evaluating Valuation: Connoisseurship, Technology and Art Attribution in an American Court of Law ; 6. An Evaluative Biography of Cynical Realism and Political Pop ; PART II: DEVICES VALORIZING UNCERTAIN AESTHETIC EXPERIENCES ; 7. Playing Nice, Being Mean, and the Space In Between: Book Critics and the Difficulties of Writing Bad Reviews ; 8. Structures of the Tasted: Restaurant Reviews in Berlin Between 1995 and 2012 ; 9. Making Things Precious: A Pragmatist Inquiry into the Valuation of Luxury Perfumes ; PART III: VALUATION IN FIELDS OF PRACTICE ; 10. When Principles of Evaluation Clash: Assessing the Value of a Demonstration in Artificial Intelligence ; 11. Accounting and the Plasticity of Valuation ; 12. Clean and Profitable: Entangling Valuations in Environmental Entrepreneurship ; 13. Reframing Expertise: The Rise of Behavioral Insights and Interventions in Public Policy ; PART IV: VALUATION WITHIN ORGANIZATIONS ; 14. Epistemic Dissonance: Reconfiguring Valuation in Architectural Practice ; 15. Sources of Newness in Organizations: Sand, Oil, Energy, and Artists ; 16. Performing Worth: Shareholder Value and Management Consultancy in Post-Mao China
