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Full Description
This volume presents essays on Descartes by the pre-eminent Italian historian of philosophy Emanuela Scribano, here translated into English for the first time. Thematically cohesive in their focus on what Scribano calls the nerve centers of Cartesian philosophy, they examine Cartesian ideas in context, not only of Descartes' philosophical contemporaries. These include Scholastic thinkers such as Thomas Aquinas, Duns Scotus, and Suárez; Classical writers such as Galen; authors contemporary to Descartes, such as Campanella and Silhon; and philosophers who referred to Cartesian philosophy, such as La Forge and Malebranche. By considering their influence and contributions, it is possible to clarify some basic theses of Cartesian philosophy and to answer some long-debated questions in Descartes scholarship, pertaining to issues such as the proof of God's existence, the free creation of eternal truths, the hypothesis of divine deception, the limits of divine power, the theory of animals as machines, the theory of error, and the possible Cartesian origin of some central theses in Occasionalism.
The essays reflect Scribano's methodological approach: that to understand the intent, scope, and meaning of a philosophical theory, one must examine it with the eyes of those who share the author's philosophical culture. Scribano provides a newly written introduction, and the volume includes a foreword by Steven Nadler.
Contents
Table of Contents
Forword by Steven Nadler
Introduction
I. The idea of God
I.1 Descartes' Innatism as anti-Augustinianism
I.2 The Knowledge of God in Descartes' Letters
II. God and Human Mind
II.1 Divine Deception in Descartes' Meditations
II.2 The Replies to the Seventh Set of Objections, the Skeptic's Duties, and the Circle
II.3 What God Cannot do. Descartes and the Limits of Divine Power
III. Error
III.1 Descartes and False Ideas
III.2 Descartes on Dreamers, Madmen, and Amputees. A Physiological Reading of the Meditations
IV. Descartes and Free Thinkers
IV.1 Traces of the Atheist. From Lessius to Descartes via Vanini, Mersenne and Petit
IV.2 Animals and Clocks. Descartes against
