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Full Description
Writing Philosophy is a brief tutorial/manual that covers the basics of argumentative essay writing and encourages students to master fundamental writing skills with minimal teacher input. It provides step-by-step instructions for each phase of the writing process, from formulating a thesis and creating an outline, to writing a final draft. For the benefit of both students and teachers, it uses a rulebook format that encapsulates core principles of goodwriting while providing models of well-written essays, outlines, introductions, and conclusions.
Contents
PrefacePART I: READING AND WRITING1. How to Read PhilosophyWhat Is Philosophy?Reading PhilosophyRule 1-1. Approach the Text with an Open MindRule 1-2. Read Actively and CriticallyRule 1-3. Identify the Conclusion First, Then the PremisesRule 1-4. Outline, Paraphrase, or Summarize the ArgumentRule 1-5. Evaluate the Argument and Formulate a Tentative JudgmentWriting a Paraphrase or SummaryApplying the Rules2. How to Read an ArgumentPremises and ConclusionsJudging ArgumentsRule 2-1. Know the Basics of Deductive and Inductive ArgumentsRule 2-2. Determine Whether the Conclusion Follows from the PremisesRule 2-3. Determine Whether the Premises are TrueApplying the Rules3. Rules of Style and Content for Philosophical WritingRule 3-1. Write to Your AudienceRule 3-2. Avoid PretentiousnessRule 3-3. Keep the Authority of Philosophers in PerspectiveRule 3-4. Do Not Overstate Premises or ConclusionsRule 3-5. Treat Opponents and Opposing Views FairlyRule 3-6. Write ClearlyRule 3-7. Avoid Inappropriate Emotional AppealsRule 3-8. Be Careful What You AssumeRule 3-9. Write in First PersonRule 3-10. Avoid Discriminatory Language4. Defending a Thesis in an Argumentative EssayBasic Essay StructureIntroduction: Argument Supporting the Thesis: Assessment of Objections: Conclusion: A Well-Built Essay: Writing the Essay: Step by StepStep 1. Select a Topic and Narrow It to a Specific IssueStep 2. Research the IssueStep 3. Write a Thesis StatementStep 4. Create an Outline of the Whole EssayStep 5. Write a First DraftStep 6. Study and Revise Your First DraftStep 7. Produce a Final DraftAn Annotated Sample Paper5. Avoiding Fallacious ReasoningStraw ManAppeal to the PersonAppeal to PopularityAppeal to TraditionGenetic FallacyEquivocationAppeal to IgnoranceFalse DilemmaBegging the QuestionHasty GeneralizationSlippery SlopeCompositionDivision6. Using, Quoting, and Citing SourcesRule 6-1. Know When and How to Quote SourcesRule 6-2. Do Not PlagiarizeRule 6-3. Cite Your Sources CarefullyRule 6-4. Build a Bibliography if NeededPART 2: REFERENCE GUIDE7. Writing Effective SentencesRule 7-1. Make the Subject and Verb Agree in Number and PersonRule 7-2. Express Parallel Ideas in Parallel FormRule 7-3. Write in Complete Sentences, Not FragmentsRule 7-4. Connect Independent Clauses ProperlyRule 7-5. Delete the DeadwoodRule 7-6. Put Modifiers in Their PlaceRule 7-7. Be Consistent in Tense, Voice, Number, and PersonRule 7-8. Communicate Pronoun References Clearly8. Choosing the Right WordsRule 8-1. Select Nouns and Verbs PreciselyRule 8-2. Prefer the Active VoiceRule 8-3. Use Specific TermsRule 8-4. Avoid RedundancyRule 8-5. Be Aware of the Connotations of WordsRule 8-6. Learn to Distinguish Words that Writers Frequently Mix UpRule 8-7. Strive for Freshness; Avoid ClichesRule 8-8. Do Not Mix MetaphorsRule 8-9. Beware of Awkward RepetitionAppendix A: Formatting Your Philosophy PaperAppendix B: Documenting Your SourcesIndex
