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基本説明
New in paperback. Hardcover was published in 2007.
Full Description
Working memory - the ability to keep important information in mind while comprehending, thinking, and acting - varies considerably from person to person and changes dramatically during each person's life. Understanding such individual and developmental differences is crucial because working memory is a major contributor to general intellectual functioning. This volume offers a state-of-the-art, integrative, and comprehensive approach to understanding variation in working memory by presenting explicit, detailed comparisons of the leading theories. It incorporates views from the different research groups that operate on each side of the Atlantic, and covers working-memory research on a wide variety of populations, including healthy adults, children with and without learning difficulties, older adults, and adults and children with neurological disorders. A particular strength of this volume is that each research group explicitly addresses the same set of theoretical questions, from the perspective of both their own theoretical and experimental work and from the perspective of relevant alternative approaches.
Through these questions, each research group considers their overarching theory of working memory, specifies the critical sources of working memory variation according to their theory, reflects on the compatibility of their approach with other approaches, and assesses their contribution to general working memory theory. This shared focus across chapters unifies the volume and highlights the similarities and differences among the various theories. Each chapter includes both a summary of research positions and a detailed discussion of each position. Variation in Working Memory achieves coherence across its chapters, while presenting the entire range of current theoretical and experimental approaches to variation in working memory.
Contents
1. Variation in working memory: An introduction; PART I: WORKING MEMORY VARIATION REFLECTING NORMAL INTER- AND INTRA-INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES; 2. Variation in working-memory capacity as variation in executive attention and control; 3. Individual differences in working memory capacity and reasoning ability; 4. Explaining the many varieties of working memory variation: Dual mechanisms of cognitive control; PART II: WORKING MEMORY VARIATION DUE TO NORMAL AND ATYPICAL DEVELOPMENT; 5. Variation in working memory due to normal development; 6. Variation in working memory due to typical and atypical development; 7. Developmental and computational approaches to variation in working memory; 8. Variation in working memory across the life span; PART III: WORKING MEMORY VARIATION DUE TO NORMAL AND PATHOLOGICAL AGING; 9. Inhibitory mechanisms and the control of attention; 10. The executive is central to working memory: Insights from age, performance, and task variations; 11. Specialized verbal working memory for language comprehension
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