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Full Description
Félix Ravaisson's French Philosophy in the Nineteenth Century is one of the most influential and pivotal texts of modern French thought. Commissioned by the Minister of Public Instruction as one of a series of reports to record the progress of the French sciences and humanities for Paris' second world fair, the 1867 Exposition universelle d'arts et d'industrie, it was published with the others the following year. In the report Ravaisson argues, with verve and generosity, and with an unparalleled command of the century's intellectual developments, that the myriad voices in nineteenth-century French thinking were beginning to form a chorus, one that was advancing towards a new, more concrete form of spiritualist philosophy able to resist materialist, mechanist and sensualist doctrines while incorporating recent developments in the life-sciences. As Henri Bergson noted, it effected a "profound change of orientation in university philosophy" and for decades afterwards students learnt its concluding sections by heart in order to pass public examinations. Bergson's own Creative Evolution, which made him the world's most celebrated living philosopher at the end of the long nineteenth century, is, with its psychological interpretation of biological evolution, a direct expression of the new philosophical orientation that Ravaisson had divined in the report.
Contents
Editor's introduction
I: History of philosophy prior to the nineteenth century
II: Victor Cousin and the eclectic school
III: Lamennais' metaphysics and theology
IV: Socialism: Saint-Simon, Fourier, Proudhon
V: Socialist philosophy: Leroux and Reynaud
VI: Iatromechanism and phrenology: Broussais and Gall
VII: Comte's positivism
VIII: Positivism in Britain
IX: Comte's later philosophy
X: Littré's positivist philosophy
XI: The philosophy of Taine
XII: Renan and Philosophy
XIII: Renouvier's neo-criticism
XIV: The philosophy of Vacherot
XV: Claude Bernard's Physiology
XVI: Philosophical theology: Gratry
XVII: Philosophical theology: Saisset, Simon et Caro
XVIII: Philosophical theology: ontologism
XIX: De Strada's metaphysics
XX: Magy on physics and metaphysics
XXI: Physics and philosophy: de Rémusat and Martin
XXII: Psychology: habit, memory and the association of ideas
XXIII: Animism, vitalism, organicism
XXIV: Old and new materialisms: on Paul Janet
XXV: Organicism and Animism
XXVI: Neurology
XXVII: Instinct
XXVIII: Sleep
XXIX: Madness
XXX: Genius and creativity
XXXI: Language and physiognomy
XXXXII: Probability and philosophy: Cournot
XXXIII: Epistemology: analysis and synthesis
XXXIV: Moral Philosophy
XXXV: Aesthetics
XXXVI: Summary and manifesto for a new spiritualist philosophy
Notes
