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Samuel Freeman is a leading political philosopher and one of the foremost authorities on the works of John Rawls. Liberalism and Distributive Justice offers a series of Freeman's essays in contemporary political philosophy on three different forms of liberalism-classical liberalism, libertarianism, and the high liberal tradition-and their relation to capitalism, the welfare state, and economic justice. Freeman organizes his chapters into a narrative arc: from liberalism as the dominant political and economic system, to the laws governing interpersonal transactions in a liberal society, to the broad social and political structures that determine distributive justice. Freeman analyzes the primary differences between the classical and high liberal traditions and shows why libertarianism is not a liberal view. He then shows how Rawls's liberal principles of justice and the difference principle are to be applied in both ideal and non-ideal circumstances, and also to questions of private law, and then demonstrates why Rawls's difference principle supports a property-owning democracy rather than welfare-state capitalism, effectively responding to criticisms by Amartya Sen, G.A. Cohen, and others. Finally, he argues for the social rather than global bases of distributive justice and explains why principles of distributive justice should apply primarily to structure basic social and economic institutions. The volume is highly relevant to contemporary debates about economic inequality, poverty, and the responsibility of government to respond to them. In particular, it provides insight into questions of the fair distribution of income and wealth, the proper role of government in regulating a market economy, and in providing public services and a social minimum.
Contents
Abbreviations
Introduction
Part I: Liberalism, Libertarianism, and Economic Justice
1. Capitalism in the Classical and High Liberal Traditions
2. Illiberal Libertarians: Why Libertarianism is not a Liberal View
Part II: Distributive Justice and the Difference Principle
3. Rawls on Distributive Justice and the Difference Principle
4. Property-Owning Democracy and the Difference Principle
5. Private Law and Rawls's Principles of Justice
Part III: Liberal Institutions and Distributive Justice
6. The Social and Institutional Bases of Distributive Justice
7. The Basic Structure of Society as The Primary Subject of Justice
8. Ideal Theory and the Justice of Institutions
9. Constructivism, Facts, and Moral Justification
References
Index
