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Build Tomorrow's Best Mobile/Web Applications with IBM WebSphere Application Server 8.5 and IBM WorklightThis guide presents a coherent strategy for building modern mobile/web applications that are fast, responsive, interactive, reusable, maintainable, extensible, and a pleasure to use. Four IBM experts offer practical, hands-on coverage of front-end development with IBM WebSphere Application Server 8.5, IBM Worklight, and today's most popular open source frameworks.Using well-crafted examples, the authors introduce best practices for MobileFirst development, helping you create apps that work superbly on mobile devices and add features on conventional browsers. Throughout, you'll learn better ways to deliver Web 2.0 apps with HTML /JavaScript front ends, RESTful Web Services, and persistent data. Proven by IBM and its customers, the approach covered in this book leads to more successful mobile/web applications-and more effective development teams.Coverage Includes* Developing for MobileFirst: moving from "graceful degradation" to "progressive enhancement"* Quickly delivering lightweight JEE apps with WebSphere Application Server's new Liberty Profile* Implementing an agile, user-centered, page-oriented approach to design* Constructing REST services with WebSphere Liberty, Eclipse, and JEE annotations* Building better front-end application architectures with frameworks and JavaScript* Designing and building complex, transactional RESTful services that interface with databases and other data sources* Building IBM Worklight hybrid apps with open source frameworks: jQuery Mobile, Backbone, Require.js, and Handlebars* Debugging cross-platform, multi-language modern web apps* Promoting scalability, security, and connectivity into the wider enterpriseThe IBM Press developerWorks Series pairs books with complementary resources on the developerWorks website at https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/dwbooks/
Contents
Preface xviiiChapter 1 The Modern Web 1How the Web Has Changed 1The Mobile Effect 7Mobile Application Development Styles 7Building for the Mobile Experience 11Choosing a Mobile Development Approach 13The Convergence of Desktop Web and Mobile:Multichannel Development 15REST and Web APIs 17IBM WebSphere and IBM Worklight 18The Process of Building Modern Web Applications 19Introducing the Team 19Following a User-Centered Design and Development Process 20Introducing User-Centered Design 22Applying the Design Process: Descriptions from Our Example 22Introducing Development into the Process 5Division of Labor: Defining the User Model and REST Interfaces 25Summary 27Endnotes 27Chapter 2 WAS and the Liberty Profile 29How We Got Here 29A Brief History of WAS 29What Changed in the Programming Model? 31What Is Liberty? 33Some Coding Considerations and a Servlet and JDBC Example 36Deploying the Example Using the Liberty Profile 41Server Creation and Structure 42Deploying an Application on a Server 43Testing the Sample Application 44Running the Example Within Eclipse 45Summary 48Endnotes 48Chapter 3 Design 49Agile UI Design Process 49More on User Centric Design 51Design for Multichannel 52Page-Oriented User Interfaces 53Patterns for User Interface Design Web 55View Interaction Patterns 55Targeted Mobile Apps vs. Multichannel Applications 57UI Design Example 58Summary 63Chapter 4 REST Web Services in WebSphere Liberty 65What Is REST? 65The Pieces of a RESTFul Web Service 66Introducing JAX-RS 67Basic Concepts: Resources and Applications 68A JAX-RS "Hello World" in WebSphere Liberty 68Creating the WebSphere Liberty Server 74Starting the Server and Testing the Application 78More JAX-RS Annotations 80Testing the New Example 82JAXB and More Interesting XML-Based Web Services 82The JAXB Annotations 83A Trivial DAO (and Its Use) 86JSON Serialization 88A Simple Transaction Example with JAX-RS 88Handling Entity Parameters with POST and the Consumes Annotation 90The Use of Singletons in Application Classes 91Testing POST and Other Actions with RESTClient 94More on Content Negotiation 95Introducing the JAX-RS Response 97Hints on Debugging: Tips and Techniques 98Simple Testing with JUnit 98RESTful SOA 101Summary 102Endnotes 102Chapter 5 Application Architecture on the Glass 103Why Well-Designed Applications Matter 103Defining a Client-Side Architecture 104Responsive Design 109Client-Side Architecture 114Application Controller 115Model-View-Controller 116Error Logging and Management 120Data Storage and Caching 121Configuration 121Introduction to the Dojo Toolkit 123Dojo 124Dijit 124DojoX 124Util 125Why Use Dojo 125Asynchronous Module Definition 126Future of Dojo 129Using Dojo in Your Application 130Section: HTML Declaration 132Section: Styling 132Section: Configure Dojo 132Section: Load Dojo 134Section: Initialize Application 134Section: Body Content 135Creating Your Own Widgets 136Building the Application 140Summary 166Chapter 6 Designing and Building RESTful Applications with Modern Java EE 167Modern Java EE 167EJB 3.1 and CDI 168JPA 171Application Architecture for Modern RESTful Systems 172Division of Labor: Defining the User Model and REST Interfaces 174Application Layers 179Building the Application 185Loading the Example and Setting Up Liberty 185Test-Driven Development 190Building REST Services 195Domain Model 201Building DAO and Business Logic 205Running the Application 209A Discussion on Choices 210Summary 211Chapter 7 Introduction to IBM Worklight 213What Is IBM Worklight? 213Elements of IBM Worklight 213The IBM Worklight Product Family 214Developing with IBM Worklight 215IBM Worklight Deployment Architecture 216IBM Worklight Server Architecture 221The Structure of a Worklight Application 223What This Means for You 224Summary 226Chapter 8 Building a Worklight Hybrid App with Open Source Frameworks 227Design for the Hybrid Application 227Overview of Frameworks 228jQuery 229jQuery Mobile 229Require.js 229Backbone and Underscore 230Handlebars 230Building a Hybrid App with Worklight 230Setting Up the Project 230Worklight Adapter Code 233Worklight Hybrid App Folder Structure 240Examining the Application 242Running the Example 255Summary 260Chapter 9 Testing and Debugging 261HTML 261JavaScript 262Global Variables 263Asynchronous Module Definition (AMD) 263Context 264CSS 267Data 269Unit Testing 269The Browser as a Test Platform 272Exploring Chrome's DevTools 273Essential Browser Plug-ins 279IBM Worklight Specific Concerns 281Disabling AppCache for Mobile Web Apps 281Disabling Security for Cross-Domain Ajax in Mobile Apps 283Remote Debugging 284Safari Remote Debugging 284Chrome Remote Debugging 285Online Code Snippit Runners 285Summary 286Chapter 10 Advanced Topics 287Understanding Where Your Application Fits 287Achieving Reliability Through Clustering 292Versioning 292Versioning in the URI 293Versioning in the Header 294Mechanisms for Improving Performance 294Pagination 295Caching Overview 296Response Caching 297Server-Side Caching with WXS 298Security Issues for Modern Web Applications 302Summary 304Endnotes 305Chapter 11 Key Takeaways of Modern Web Development 307The Engaging Enterprise 307Mobile-First Development 308Web APIs 309Polyglot Programming 310Cloud Computing 310Summary 313Endnote 313Appendix A Installation Instructions 315Development Machine Installation 315Installing Java Runtime Environment, v1.7 316Installing Eclipse Juno IDE, v4.3 317Installing IBM WebSphere Liberty Profile Developer Tools, v8.5.5 318Installing the Source Code for the Book Examples 319Optional Development Tooling for Mobile Web Apps 321IBM Worklight Studio v6.0 321Android Development Tools and Eclipse Plug-in 324OSX XCode IDE 327Server Installation 328IBM WebSphere Liberty Profile, v8.5.5 329Apache Derby, v10 330Downloading and Installing Example Source Code 333Summary 333Index 335
