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Full Description
A Coherent Systems View of Wireless and Cellular Network Design and ImplementationWritten for senior-level undergraduates, first-year graduate students, and junior technical professionals, Introduction to Wireless Systems offers a coherent systems view of the crucial lower layers of today's cellular systems. The authors introduce today's most important propagation issues, modulation techniques, and access schemes, illuminating theory with real-world examples from modern cellular systems. They demonstrate how elements within today's wireless systems interrelate, clarify the trade-offs associated with delivering high-quality service at acceptable cost, and demonstrate how systems are designed and implemented by teams of complementary specialists. Coverage includes Understanding the challenge of moving information wirelessly between two points Explaining how system and subsystem designers work together to analyze, plan, and implement optimized wireless systems Designing for quality reception: using the free-space range equation, and accounting for thermal noise Understanding terrestrial channels and their impairments, including shadowing and multipath reception Reusing frequencies to provide service over wide areas to large subscriber bases Using modulation: frequency efficiency, power efficiency, BER, bandwidth, adjacent-channel interference, and spread-spectrum modulation Implementing multiple access methods, including FDMA, TDMA, and CDMA Designing systems for today's most common forms of traffic-both "bursty" and "streaming" Maximizing capacity via linear predictive coding and other speech compression techniques Setting up connections that support reliable communication among usersIntroduction to Wireless Systems brings together the theoretical and practical knowledge readers need to participate effectively in the planning, design, or implementation of virtually any wireless system.
Contents
Preface xiiiAcknowledgments xvAbout the Authors xviiChapter 1: Introduction 1 Overview 1 System Description 4 Historical Perspective 10 Systems Engineering and the Role of the Systems Engineer 12 Chapter 2: The Radio Link 17 Introduction 17 Transmitting and Receiving Electromagnetic Waves 18 Isotropic Radiation 20 Antenna Radiation Patterns 22 The Range Equation 28 Thermal Noise and Receiver Analysis 34 Optimizing the Energy Transmission System 61 Conclusions 70 Problems 70 Chapter 3: Channel Characteristics 77 Introduction 77 Macroscopic Models 1: Reflection from the Earth's Surface 79 Macroscopic Models 2: Empirical Models 86 Macroscopic Models 3: Log-Normal Shadowing 95 Microscopic Models 1: Multipath Propagation and Fading 100 Microscopic Models 2: Statistical Models for Multipath Propagation 106 Microscopic Models 3: A Two-Ray Model with a Moving Receiver 121 Microscopic Models 4: A Statistical Model with a Moving Receiver 129 Area Coverage 132 The Link Budget 137 Conclusions 139 Problems 141 Chapter 4: Radio Frequency Coverage: Systems Engineering and Design 149 Motivation 149 Requirements Assessment and System Architecture 150 Cellular Concepts 153 Estimation of Interference Levels 167 Cellular System Planning and Engineering 173 Operational Considerations 183 Traffic Engineering, Trunking, and Grade of Service 187 Conclusions 194 Problems 196 Chapter 5: Digital Signaling Principles 203 Introduction 203 Carrier-Based Signaling 226 Spread-Spectrum Signaling 267 Conclusions 278 Problems 280 Chapter 6: Access Methods 287 Introduction 287 Channel Access in Cellular Systems 290 Frequency-Division Multiple Access 295 Time-Division Multiple Access 300 Code-Division Multiple Access 306 Contention-Based Multiple Access 325 Conclusions 335 Problems 337 Chapter 7: Information Sources 343 Introduction 343 Information Sources and Their Characterization 346 Digitization of Speech Signals 355 Coding for Error Correction 376 Conclusions 389 Problems 392 Chapter 8: Putting It All Together 397 Introduction 397 Looking Backward 399 Contemporary Systems and 3G Evolution 411 OFDM: An Architecture for the Fourth Generation 432 Conclusions 442 Appendix A: Statistical Functions and Tables 443 The Normal Distribution 443 Function Tables 446 Appendix B: Traffic Engineering 453 Grade of Service and the State of the Switch 453 A Model for Call Arrivals 454 A Model for Holding Time 456 The Switch State Probabilities 457 Blocking Probability, Offered Load, and Erlang B 460 Computational Techniques for the Erlang B Formula 462 Erlang B Table 465 Acronyms 477Index 483
