『ICRP 99 放射線関連がんリスクの低線量への外挿』（原書） ICRP Publication 99: Low-dose Extrapolation of Radiation-related Cancer Risk(Ann. ICRP 35 (4), 2005)

Valentin, J. (EDT)

Elsevier Science（2006/09発売）

• 製本 Paperback:紙装版/ペーパーバック版／ページ数 141 p.
• 言語 ENG
• 商品コード 9780080449586
• DDC分類 616

基本説明

邦訳：2011年・日本アイソトープ協会。現行の放射線防護体系の基となっている「直線しきい値なし（LNT）仮説」について，リスク評価における位置づけを確立したきわめて重要な報告書。「2007年勧告」の基盤となった支援文書の1つ。
This report considers the evidence relating to cancer risk associated with exposure to low doses of low-LET radiation, and particularly doses below current recommended limits for protection of radiation workers and the general public. It looks at the possibility of establishing a universal threshold dose below which there is no risk of radiation-related cancer. The focus is on evidence regarding linearity of dose response for all cancers considered as a group, but not necessarily individually, at low doses (the so-called linear, no-threshold (LNT) hypothesis). The report concludes that while existence of a low-dose threshold does not seem unlikely for radiation-related cancers, it does not favor the existence of a universal threshold. The LNT hypothesis, combined with an uncertain dose and dose rate effectiveness factor (DDREF) for extrapolation from high doses, remains a prudent basis for radiation protection at low doses and low dose rates.

Full Description

This report considers the evidence relating to cancer risk associated with exposure to low doses of low linear energy transfer radiation, and particularly doses below current recommended limits for protection of radiation workers and the general public. The focus is on evidence regarding linearity of the dose-response relationship for all cancers considered as a group, but not necessarily individually, at low doses [the so-called linear, non-threshold (LNT) hypothesis]. It looks at the possibility of establishing a universal threshold dose below which there is no risk of radiation-related cancer. The report is organised by scientific discipline, beginning with epidemiological studies of exposed human populations.

Contents

ABSTRACT GUEST EDITORIAL PREFACE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INTRODUCTION EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CONSIDERATION Introduction Inferences based on acute doses in the moderate-to-high dose range Estimation of risk at low doses and low dose rates Thresholds vs. the linear, no-threshold theory Conclusion: Implications for low-dose cancer risk LOW-DOSE RISK BIOLOGY Introduction Damage caused by radiation Damage Response Pathways Fidelity of DSB repair Impact of defects in DNA repair, checkpoint control and apoptosis Conclusions CELLULAR CONSEQUENCES OF RADIATION-INDUCED DAMAGE Radiation- induced Chromosome Aberrations Radiation-Induced Somatic Cell Mutations Adaptive Response, Genomic Instability and Bystander Effect Conclusions: Implications for Risk Assessment CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS OF IONIZING RADIATION Mechanisms of radiation-induced cancer Tissue Modifying Factors Radiation-induced Cancer in Animals Life Shortening Summary Conclusions: Implications for radiation-related cancer at low doses QUANTITATIVE UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS Overview Sources of uncertainty Allowing for the uncertain possibility of a threshold Conclusions CONCLUSIONS REFERENCES