Contents
Chapter 1Robert F. Reilly, Jr., and Mark A. Perazella 1. Body fluid compartments2. Intravenous solutions3. General principles4. Assessing extracellular fluid volume5. Fluid resuscitation6. Clinical examples of fluid resuscitationChapter 2: Disorders of Sodium Balance (Edema, Hypertension or Hypotension), Robert F. Reilly, Jr., and Mark A. Perazella1. Introduction2. Regulation of Na+ transport in kidney3. Disorders associated with increased total body Na+ (ECF volume expansion)4. Clinical manifestations of increased total body Na+ (ECF volume expansion) 5. General approach to the edematous patient6. General treatment of the edematous patient7. Clinical manifestations of decreased total body Na+ (ECF volume depletion)8. General approach to the volume depleted patient9. General Treatment of the Volume Depleted PatientChapter 3: Disorders of Water Balance (Hypo- and Hypernatremia), Robert F. Reilly, Jr., and Mark A. Perazella1. Introduction2. Hyponatremia3. Etiology of hyponatremia4. Signs and symptoms5. Diagnosis6. Treatment7. Hypernatremia8. Etiology9. Signs and symptoms10. Diagnosis11. TreatmentChapter 4: Diuretics, Mark A. Perazella1. Introduction2. Sites of diuretic action in kidney3. Diuretic resistance4. Clinical conditions associated with diuretic resistance5. Treatment of diuretic resistanceChapter 5: Disorders of K+ balance (Hypo- and Hyperkalemia), Mark A. Perazella1. Introduction2. K+ homeostasis3. Role of K+ in the resting membrane potential4. Cellular K+ distribution 5. K+ handling by the kidney6. Factors controlling renal K+ excretion7. Hypokalemia8. Etiology9. Increased cellular K+ uptake10. Increased renal K+ losses11. Approach to the patient12. Clinical manifestations13. Treatment14. Hyperkalemia15. Etiology16. Approach to the patient17. Clinical manifestations18. TreatmentChapter 6: Metabolic Acidosis, Dinkar Kaw and Joseph I. Shapiro1. Acid-Base Chemistry and Biology2. The Bicarbonate Buffering System3. Acid Excretion by the Kidney4. Clinical Approach to the Patient with an Acid-Base Disorder5. Pathophysiology, Compensation and Consequences6. Use of the Serum and Urine Anion Gap in the Differential Diagnosis of Metabolic Acidosis7. Differential Diagnosis of Metabolic Acidosis8. Causes of Metabolic Acidosis9. Treatment of Metabolic AcidosisChapter 7: Metabolic Alkalosis, Dinkar Kaw and Joseph I. Shapiro1. Introduction2. Maintenance of Metabolic Alkalosis3. Clinical Features4. Differential Diagnosis5. Cl--Responsive and Cl--Resistant Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis6. TreatmentChapter 8: Respiratory and Mixed Acid-base Disturbances, Youngsook Yoon and Joseph I. Shapiro1. Respiratory Disturbances2. Respiratory Acidosis3. Respiratory Alkalosis4. Mixed DisturbancesChapter 9: Disorders of Serum Calcium, Robert F. Reilly, Jr.1. Regulation2. Hypercalcemia3. HypocalcemiaChapter 10: Disorders of Serum Phosphorus, Robert F. Reilly, Jr.1. Regulation2. Hyperphosphatemia3. HypophosphatemiaChapter 11: Disorders of Serum Magnesium, Robert F. Reilly, Jr.1. Introduction2. Hypomagnesemia3. HypermagnesemiaChapter 12: Appendix, Mark A. Perazella and Robert F. Reilly, Jr.1. Introduction2. Clinical assessment of glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
