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Full Description
Historiography formed an unusually important component of the popular culture and heritage of east European Jewry in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. This was a period of social, economic, and political upheaval, and for the emerging class of educated Jews the writing and reading of Jewish history provided not only intellectual but also emotional and moral sustenance. Facing an insecure future became easier with an understanding of the past, and of the Jewish place in that past.
This volume is devoted to the development of Jewish historiography in the three east European centres—Congress Poland, the Russian empire, and Galicia—that together contained the majority of world Jewry at that time. Drawing widely on the multilingual body of scholarly and popular literature that emerged in that turbulent environment, the contributors to this volume attempt to go beyond the established paradigms in the study of Jewish historiography, and specifically to examine the relationship between the writing of Jewish history and of non-Jewish history in eastern Europe. In doing so they expose the tension between the study of the Jewish past in a communal setting and in a wider, regional, setting that located Jews firmly in the non-Jewish political, economic, and cultural environment. They also explore the relationship between 'history'—seen as the popular understanding of the past—and 'scholarly history'—interpretation of the past through the academic study of the sources, which lays claim to objectivity and authority.
The development of Jewish historical scholarship grew out of the new intellectual climate of the Haskalah, which encouraged novel modes of thinking about self and others and promoted critical enquiry and new approaches to traditional sources. At the same time, however, in response to what the traditionalists perceived as secular research, an Orthodox historiography also emerged, driven not only by scholarly curiosity but also by the need to provide a powerful counterweight in the struggle against modernity. In fact, east European Jewish historiography has undergone many methodological, thematic, and ideological transformations over the last two centuries. Even today, east European Jewish historiography revisits many of the questions of importance to scholars and audiences since its emergence: how Jews lived, both within the narrow Jewish world and in contact with the wider society; the limits of Jewish insularity and integration; expressions of persecution and anti-Jewish violence; and also Jewish contributions to the societies and states of eastern Europe. Many challenges still remain: questions of the purpose of the research, its ideological colouring, and its relevance for contemporary Jewish communities.
The fruit of research in many disciplines and from different methodological points of view, this volume has much to offer scholars of modern Jewry trying to understand how east European Jews saw themselves as they struggled with the concepts of modernity and national identity and how their history continues to be studied and discussed by an international community of scholars.
Contents
Note on Place Names
Note on Transliteration
Introduction
BRIAN HOROWITZ AND NATALIA ALEKSIUN
PART I: WRITING EAST EUROPEAN JEWISH HISTORY
The Pinkas: From Communal Archive to Total History
ISRAEL BARTAL
'Constructing the shrine of our people's history': Hatsefirah and the Historiography of Polish Jewry
ELA BAUER
'Building a fragile edifice': A History of Russian Jewish Historical Institution, 1860-1914
BRIAN HOROWITZ
Constructing Polish Jewry's 'Shrine of History': Galician Beginnings
RACHEL MANEKIN
Charting the Outer Provinces of Jewry: The Study of East European Jewry's Margins
NATAN MEIR
Dubnov's Wayward Son: Israel Sosis and the Legacy of Russian Jewish Historiography
ELISSA BEMPORAD
The Historiography of the Bund
SAMUEL KASSOW
Scholars of Jewish Origin in the Community of Historians in Lwów, 1918-1939
JOANNA PISULIŃSKA
Object Lessons: Art Collection and Display as Historical Practice in Interwar Lwów
SARAH ZARROW
Broken Traditions? The Jewish Presence on the City Councils of Kraków, Poznań, and Warsaw, 1919-1939
HANNA KOZIŃSKA-WITT
Female, Jewish, Educated, and Writing Polish Jewish History
NATALIA ALEKSIUN
Jewish Historiography of the Holocaust in Eastern Europe
HAVI DREIFUSS
Conversion in the Work of Jakub Goldberg
STEFAN GĄSIORSKI
Denying Tradition: Academic Historiography on Jewish Orthodoxy in Eastern Europe
VLADIMIR LEVIN
Jewish Traditionalism in Eastern Europe: The Historiographical Gadfly
GLENN DYNNER
Out of the Ghetto? Historiography on Jewish Women in Eastern Europe
ELIYANA R. ADLER
Problems in the Study of Russian Jewish Literature
LEONID F. KATSIS
The Polin Museum of the History of Polish Jews in Warsaw: A New Approach to the History of the Jews in the Polish Lands
ANTONY POLONSKY
PART II: DOCUMENTARY SECTION
In Search of Lost Times and Places: Simon Rawidowicz Reflects on his Formative Years in Grajewo and Białystok
BENJAMIN RAVID
PART III: NEW VIEWS
What Happened to Tarnów's Jews?
ADAM BARTOSZ
Does 'Polish Antisemitism' Exist? Research in Poland and Ukraine, 1992 and 2002
IRENEUSZ KRZEMIŃSKI
PART IV: OBITUARIES
Andrzej Garlicki
SZYMON RUDNICKI
Jerzy Kulczycki
JAREK GARLIŃSKI
Israel Gutman
ANTONY POLONSKY
Notes on the Contributors
Index
