Description
The modernization of industrial power systems has been stifled by industry's acceptance of extremely outdated practices. Industry is hesitant to depart from power system design practices influenced by the economic concerns and technology of the post World War II period. In order to break free of outdated techniques and ensure product quality and continuity of operations, engineers must apply novel techniques to plan, design, and implement electrical power systems.
Based on the author's 40 years of experience in Industry, Industrial Power Systems illustrates the importance of reliable power systems and provides engineers the tools to plan, design, and implement one. Using materials from IEEE courses developed for practicing engineers, the book covers relevant engineering features and modern design procedures, including power system studies, grounding, instrument transformers, and medium-voltage motors. The author provides a number of practical tables, including IEEE and European standards, and design principles for industrial applications.
Long overdue, Industrial Power Systems provides power engineers with a blueprint for designing electrical systems that will provide continuously available electric power at the quality and quantity needed to maintain operations and standards of production.
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION
SYSTEM PLANNING
Basic Design Considerations
Plant Distribution Systems
Distribution Types
Plant Power Demand and Load Estimate
Voltage Considerations
POWER SYSTEM STUDIES
Useful Formulae
Load Flow
Short Circuits
Protective Device Coordination
Arc-Flash Hazard Calculations
Harmonic Analysis
Power System Stability
Other Common Studies and Calculations
SYSTEM NEUTRAL GROUNDING
Ungrounded System
High-Resistance (HR) Grounded System
Low-Resistance (LR) Grounded System
Solidly Grounded Neutral System
Generator Neutral Grounding
Grounding of Mine Power System
Neutral Grounding Equipment
System Capacitance Data
POWER TRANSFORMERS AND REACTORS
General
Oil-Filled (Immersed) Transformers
Nonflammable Liquid-Filled Transformers
Dry-Type Transformers
Transformers for Nonlinear Loads
Generator Step-Up and Other Special Transformers
Installation of Oil-Filled Transformers and Reactors
Reactors
Inspection and Testing
INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS
Current Transformers
Voltage Transformers
Grounding of Secondary
European Standards
SWITCHGEAR, CIRCUIT BREAKERS, AND MOTOR CONTROL CENTER
Low Voltage
Medium Voltage
Load-Interrupter Switchgear
Power Fuse
Medium- and High-Voltage Circuit Breaker
SF6 Gas-Insulated Switchgear (GIS)
Low- and Medium-Voltage Motor Control Centers
STATION BATTERY
System Types
DC Distribution Systems
Types of Battery
Battery Chargers
Application Criteria
Battery Sizing
APPLICATION AND PROTECTION OF MEDIUM-VOLTAGE MOTORS
Load Characteristics
Squirrel-Cage Induction Motors
Wound Rotor (Slip Ring) Induction Motors
Synchronous Motors
Electric Motors for Variable Frequency Drives
Voltage Drop and Acceleration Time
Motor Controllers and Starting Methods
POWER AND CONTROL CABLES
Cable Selection Criteria
Cable Shielding
Additional Application Considerations
Cable Insulation
Testing
Control Cables
PROTECTION
Protection and Coordination Principles
Transformer Protection
Motor Protection
Generator Protection
Feeder Protection
Capacitor Protection
Reactor Protection
Bus Protection
HIGH-VOLTAGE SUBSTATION DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Necessary Information for the Design of Substations
Standards and Design Principles for Substation Design
Substation Electrical Configuration
Secondary System Aspects of Substation Design
High-Altitude Considerations
Substation Design Considerations
Grounding Design and Lightning Protection
Medium- and Low-Voltage Substations and Switchgear
Site Testing and Commissioning
SUBSTATION GROUNDING DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Soil-Resistivity Measurements
Permissible Potential Difference
Maximum Ground Current
Selection of Conductors and Joints
Design of Grounding System
Treatment of Substation Fence
Case Study (Ground Grid Design)
Conclusion
ELECTRICAL ASPECTS OF POWER GENERATION
Generator Rating and Parameters
Excitation System
Synchronizing
Integration into the Power System
Plant Power System and Utility Interface
System Disturbances and Islanding
Induction Generator
Station Auxiliaries
APPLICATION OF CAPACITORS
Capacitor Application
Large-Bank Construction
Control and Monitoring Systems
Capacitor Protection and Monitoring
Capacitor-Bank Resonances
IMPACT OF NONLINEAR LOADS ON POWER SYSTEM AND EQUIPMENT
Harmonics and Resonance
Variable-Frequency Drives
System Neutral Grounding
Design Recommendations for Mitigation of Harmonics
