Description
Spectrum Sharing in Wireless Networks: Fairness, Efficiency, and Security provides a broad overview of wireless network spectrum sharing in seven distinct sections: The first section examines the big picture and basic principles, explaining the concepts of spectrum sharing, hardware/software function requirements for efficient sharing, and future trends of sharing strategies.
The second section contains more than 10 chapters that discuss differing approaches to efficient spectrum sharing. The authors introduce a new coexistence and sharing scheme for multi-hop networks, describe the space-time sharing concept, introduce LTE-U, and examine sharing in broadcast and unicast environments. They then talk about different cooperation strategies to achieve mutual benefits for primary users (PU) and secondary users (SU), discuss protocols in a spectrum sharing context, and provide different game theory models between PUs and SUs.
The third section explains how to model the interactions of PUs and SUs, using an efficient calculation method to determine spectrum availability. Additionally, this section explains how to use scheduling models to achieve efficient SU traffic delivery. The subject of the fourth section is MIMO-oriented design. It focuses on how directional antennas and MIMO antennas greatly enhance wireless network performance. The authors include a few chapters on capacity/rate calculations as well as beamforming issues under MIMO antennas.
Power control is covered in the fifth section which also describes the interference-aware power allocation schemes among cognitive radio users and the power control schemes in cognitive radios. The sixth section provides a comprehensive look at security issues, including different types of spectrum sharing attacks and threats as well as corresponding countermeasure schemes. The seventh and final section covers issues pertaining to military applications and examines how the military task protects its data flows when sharing the spectrum with civilian applications.
Table of Contents
BIG PICTURE
Physical Aspects of Spectrum Sharing
Michael Fitch
Introduction
Radio Technology Aspects of Sharing
Types of Spectrum Sharing
Spectrum Management
Traffic Patterns
References
Perspective on the Design of Opportunistic Spectrum Sharing
Haythem Bany Salameh
Introduction
Network Architecture
Spectrum Sharing Problem Statement and Objectives
Issues in Designing Spectrum Sharing Mechanisms
Tradeoffs in Selecting the Operating Channel
State-of-the-Art Spectrum Sharing Protocols in CRNs
Complementary Approaches and Optimizations
Summary and Open Research Problems
References
APPROACHES TO SPECTRUM SHARING
New Coexistence and Sharing Paradigms for Multihop Secondary Networks
Xu Yuan, Brian Jalaian, Y. Thomas Hou, Wenjing Lou, Scott F. Midkiff, and Sastry Kompella
Introduction
Transparent Coexistence Paradigm
Cooperative Sharing Paradigm
Summary
Acknowledgments
References
Space-Time Spectrum Sharing in Cognitive Radio Networks
Zhiqing Wei, Zhiyong Feng, and Qixun Zhang
Introduction
System Model
Temporal Spectrum Opportunity in Gray Region
Spatial Spectrum Opportunity in White Region
The Bounds of Three Regions
Numerical Results
Conclusion
References
LTE in the Unlicensed Band (LTE-U)
David Tung Chong Wong, Qian Chen, Francois Chin, and Xiaoming Peng
Introduction
Overview of Traditional LTE in the Licensed Band
Overview of Traditional Wi-Fi in the Unlicensed Band
LTE in the Unlicensed Band
Conclusions
References
Spectrum Sharing in Broadcast and Unicast Hybrid Cellular Networks
Hongxiang Li
System Model
Hybrid System Analysis
Collaborative Hybrid System
Numerical Results
Structured Dirty Paper Coding
Conclusion
References
Cooperation-Based Dynamic Spectrum Sharing in CRNs
Ning Zhang, Haibo Zhou, Shaohua Wu, Ying Wang, Jon W. Mark, and Xuemin (Sherman) Shen
Introduction
Cooperation-Based Dynamic Spectrum Sharing
Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Multi-Channel Environments
Cooperative Cognitive Radio Networking
Conclusion
References
Cooperation in Cognitive Radio Networks
Junni Zou
Secondary Users Relaying for Primary Users
Primary Users Relaying for Secondary Users
Summary
References
Cross-Layer Design for Spectrum Efficiency
Mohammad Robat Mili and Farokh Marvasti
Introduction
System Model
Maximization of the Ergodic Capacity
Minimization of the Bit Error Rate (BER)
Chapter Conclusion
References
Spectrum-Aware Routing in Cognitive Radio Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (CRVANETs): Challenges and Solutions
Ahmed M. Ahmed, Ala Abu Alkheir, and Hussein T. Mouftah
Introduction
Channel Acquisition Techniques
The Routing Problem
Simulating End-to-End Protocols in CRAHNs
Open Research Issues
Conclusions
References
The Spectrum Sharing Games
Pu Yuan, Yong Xiao, Guoan Bi, and Shan Luo
Introduction
A Non-Cooperative Spectrum Sharing Game
A Cooperative Spectrum Sharing Game
Spectrum Sharing with Priorities
References
Game-Theoretic Opportunistic Spectrum Sharing
Yuhua Xu and Alagan Anpalagan
Introduction
Game Theory and Distributed Learning
Graphical Game for Spatial Opportunistic Spectrum Sharing
Robust Game for Dynamic Opportunistic Spectrum Sharing
Future Directions and Challenges
References
An Adaptive Game Theoretic Framework for Self-Coexistence among Cognitive Radio Enabled Smart Grid Networks
Deepak K. Tosh and Shamik Sengupta
Introduction
Challenges and Related Works
Self-Coexistence among DSA-Enabled Smart Grid Networks
Self-Coexistence Using Multi-Stage Interaction Games
Simulation Model and Results
Conclusions
Acknowledgment
References
MODELING ISSUES
Performance Modeling of Opportunistic Spectrum Sharing
Shensheng Tang
Introduction
System Models
Performance Analysis
Performance Metrics
Conclusions
References
Calculation Methods for Spectrum Availability
Andreas Achtzehn and Petri Mähönen
Incumbent-Newcomer Relationship
Interference Temperature-Based Primary Protection Model
Service-Level-Based Primary Protection Model
Spectrum Availability Metrics
Conclusions
References
How to Use Novel Methods for Improving the Performance of Wireless Cognitive Networks
Barbaros Preveze
Introduction
Simulation Program
How to Improve Network Performance by Modifications Done on the Algorithms of the System
Network Performance Improvement by Using Novel Buffer Management Algorithm
Theoretical Calculation of the Effects of Novel Algorithm on the Overall System Performance
Results and Discussion
Conclusion
References
Low-Complexity and High-Efficient Scheduling Schemes for Spectrum-Sharing Based Secondary Transmissions
Haiyang Ding, Tangwen Xu, Daniel B. da Costa, Jianhua Ge, Yinfa Zhang, Wulin Liu, and Ya-Ni Zhang
Energy-Efficient and Low-Complexity Schemes for Non-Cooperative Uplink Cognitive Cellular Networks
An Improved Scheduling Scheme for Uplink Cognitive Cellular Networks
High-Efficient and Low-Complexity Relay Selection Strategies for Cooperative Cognitive Relaying Systems
Efficient Relay Selection Strategies for Multi-Relay Cognitive Cooperative Transmissions
Distributed Link Scheduling for Single-Relay Secondary Relaying Transmission
References
MIMO-ORIENTED DESIGN
Capacity Scaling of MIMO Broadcast Channels with Finite-Rate Feedback
Ali Tajer and Xiaodong Wang
Introduction
System Model
Scheduling Algorithm (Nr = 1)
Throughput Scaling Analysis
Simulation Results
Conclusions
Appendix A: Proof of Lemma 1
Appendix B: Proof of Lemma 2
Appendix C: Proof of Lemma 3
Appendix D: Proof of Lemma 4
References
On the Achievable Sum-Rate of MIMO Bidirectional Underlay Cognitive Cooperative Networks
Ahmad Alsharoa, Hakim Ghazzai, and Mohamed-Slim Alouini
Introduction
System Model and Problem Formulation
Problem Solutions
Results and Discussion
Summary
References
Robust Beamforming Optimization for the Secondary Transmission in a Spectrum Sharing Cognitive Radio Network
Yongwei Huang
Introduction
System Model and Problem Formulation
A Polynomial-Time Approximation Algorithm for the Robust Beamforming Problem
Another Randomized Approximation Algorithm via Complex-Valued S-Lemma and Convex Relaxation
Simulation Results
Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
POWER CONTROL
Interference-Aware Power Allocation in Spectrum Sharing Cognitive Radio
Gosan Noh and Daesik Hong
Introduction
System Model and Assumptions
Interference-Aware Power Allocation for Capacity Maximization
Capacity Analysis
Numerical Results
Conclusion
Appendix A: Proof of Lemma 1
Appendix B: Proof of Theorem 1
Appendix C: Proof of Theorem 2
Appendix D: Proof of Lemma 3
Appendix E: Proof of Theorem 2
References
Energy-Efficient Power Control for Spectrum Sharing in Next-Generation Wireless Networks
Xiangping Zhai, Liang Zheng, and Chee Wei Tan
Introduction
Power Control in Single MNO
Power Control in Multiple MNOs
Joint Power Control and Admission Control for Feasibility
Open Issues
References
SECURITY
Spectrum Sharing Vulnerability and Threat Assessment
Timothy X. Brown and Douglas C. Sicker
Introduction
Security in Spectrum Sharing
Spectrum Sharing Vulnerabilities
Spectrum Sharing Threats
Security Controls
Conclusion
References
Security Measures for Efficient Spectrum Sharing
Ethan Gaebel and Wenjing Lou
Regulatory Limitations and Terminology
What’s at Stake
Architectural Considerations
Current Standards
Attacks and Defenses
Conclusion
References
Pragmatic Security Issues and Solutions for Spectrum Sharing in Wireless Networks
Lei Li and Chunxiao Chigan
Introduction
Security Issues Relevant to the Relaying Strategy
Detection and Mitigation of Relay-Featured Security Threats
Secure Coexistence Issues in Cognitive Radio Networks
Fairness-Based Coexistence Network Design
Security Issues Relevant to Ineligible Access of Cognitive Radio Networks
Authentication Mechanisms
Simulator for Cognitive Radio Networks and Its Security
Potential Security Issues
References
MILITARY APPLICATIONS
The Spectrum in Defense: From Commodity to Maneuver Space
Jesse Bourque Jr.
Introduction
Situation
Electromagnetic Spectrum Control
Electromagnetic Spectrum Operations
The "Shift"
Compliance and Chaos Models of Spectrum
From Electronic Warfare to Spectrum Warfare
Training for Effective EMS Operations
The Way Ahead
