Full Description
Introduction to Criminal Justiceuses a proven problem-based learning approach to enhance the critical thinking and analytic skills of students. Best-selling authors Kenneth J. Peak and Pamela M. Everett explain the importance of criminal justice and show students how key trends, emerging issues, historical background, and practical lessons apply to their future careers. Students learn core topics-policing, corrections, criminal behavior, criminal law, and courts-as well as special topics such as ethics, juvenile justice, terrorism, and the changing war on drugs, while learning how to solve problems they are likely to face as criminal justice practitioners. Packed with new examples and drawing on the authors' years of experience in the field, this student-friendly book offers a palpable, real-world flavor typically missing in other texts for the course.
Contents
PART I. Criminal Justice as a Systemof Criminal Justice: Essential Themes and Practices Introduction Foundations of Criminal Justice: Legal and Historical Bases Politics and Criminal Justice Crime Control and Due Process: Do Ends Justify Means? Discretion: Making and Applying the Law The Criminal Justice Process: An Overview of Flow and Functions The Wedding Cake Model of Criminal Justice Ethics Throughout the Criminal Justice SystemChapter 2. Foundations of Law and Crime: Nature, Elements, and Defenses Introduction Common Law and Its Progeny Modern-Day Sources and Hierarchy of Law Criminal and Civil Law Substantive and Procedural Law Essential Elements: Mens Rea and Actus Reus Felonies and Misdemeanors Offense Definitions and Categories DefensesChapter 3. Theories of Crime and Measuring Victimization Introduction Classical and Positivist Theories Biological Determinism Psychological Rationales Sociocultural Explanations Women and Crime White-Collar Crime In Their Own Words: Offenders Speak Measuring Crime and VictimizationChapter 4. Ethical Essentials: "Doing Right When No One Is Watching" Introduction Good Examples of Bad Examples Philosophical Foundations Ethics in Policing Ethics in the Courts Ethical Conduct of Federal Employees Ethics in Corrections The Ethical Decision-Making Process Ethics Tests for the Criminal Justice StudentPART II. The PoliceChapter 5. Police Organizations: Structure and Functions Introduction English and Colonial Roots: An Overview Policing Comes to the United States Federal Law Enforcement State Agencies Local Agencies: Municipal Police and Sheriff's Departments On Guard: The Private PoliceChapter 6. Police at Work: Patrolling and Investigating Introduction From Citizen to Patrol Officer Having the "Right Stuff": A Working Personality Defining the Role Stressors of Police Work A Study of Patrol Effectiveness The Traffic Function Police Discretion Community Policing and Problem Solving The Work of Forensics and DetectivesChapter 7. Policing Methods and Challenges Introduction Use of Force: A Sacred Trust The Role of Local Police in Homeland Security When Failing the Public Trust: Civil Liability Needed: More Women and Minorities Police TechnologiesChapter 8. Expounding the Constitution: Laws of Arrest, Search, and Seizure Introduction Some Caveats The Fourth Amendment The Fifth Amendment The Sixth AmendmentPART III. The CourtsChapter 9. Court Organization: Structure, Functions, and the Trial Process Introduction Our Adversarial System The Influence of Courts in Policy Making American Courts: A Dual Court System State Courts Federal Courts Making Preparations: Pretrial Processes The Trial Process Technologies in the CourtsChapter 10. The Bench and The Bar: Those Who Judge, Prosecute, and Defend Introduction Those Who Would Be Judge: Selection Methods and Issues Jurists' Benefits, Training, and Challenges The Art of Judging, Courtroom Civility, and Judicial Misconduct The AttorneysChapter 11. Court Methods and Challenges: Sentencing and Punishment Introduction Purposes of Punishment Types of Sentences to Be Served Sentencing Guidelines Victim Impact Statements Capital Punishment Aggravating and Mitigating Circumstances Criminal AppealsPART IV. CorrectionsChapter 12. Prisons and Jails: Structure and Function Introduction Correctional Facilities as Organizations State Prisons as Organizations Federal Prisons Supermax Prisons Jails as Organizations Technologies in Prisons: The Good and the BadChapter 13. The Inmates' World: The "Keepers" and the "Kept" Introduction The Nature of Incarceration Potentially Hazardous Work Jail Personnel Issues of Prison Governance Preparation for Reentry and Aftercare Prisoners' Constitutional RightsChapter 14. Corrections in the Community: Probation, Parole, and Other Alternatives to Incarceration Introduction Why Alternatives to Incarceration Origins of Probation and Parole Probation and Parole Today Do Probation and Parole Work? Functions of Probation and Parole Officers Other Alternatives: Intermediate Sanctions Confronting Recidivists: The Risk-Needs-Responsivity (RNR) Model Restorative JusticePART V. Spanning the System: Methods and IssuesChapter 15. Juvenile Justice: Philosophy, Law, and Practices Introduction History of Juvenile Justice Unique Philosophy, Principles, and Goals Juvenile Offending Today Case Flow of the Juvenile Justice Process The Problem of Labeling Youth Gangs: An Overview Aftercare and Reentry Significant Court DecisionsChapter 16. On the Crime Policy and Prevention Agenda: Terrorism, the Mentally Ill in the Criminal Justice System, and the Changing War on Drugs Introduction Terrorism The "New Asylums": The Mentally Ill in the Criminal Justice System The Changing War on DrugsAppendix: Constitution of the United StatesAnswersGlossaryNotesIndex
