基本説明
New in paperback. Hardcover was published in 2003. This book investigates the contact between Arawak and Tucanoan languages spoken in the Vaupés river basin in northwest Amazonia, which spans Colombia and Brazil.
Full Description
This book considers how and why forms and meanings of different languages at different times may resemble one another. The author explains the relationship between a real diffusion and the genetic development of languages, and reveals the means of distinguishing what may cause one language to share the characteristics of another.
Professor Aikhenvald uses the example of Arawak and Tucanoan languages spoken in the large area of the Vaupés river basin in northwest Amazonia, which spans Colombia and Brazil. In this region language is seen as a badge of identity: language mixing, interaction, and influence are resisted for ideological reasons. The book considers which grammatical categories are most and least likely to be borrowed in a situation of prolonged language contact where lexical borrowing is reduced to a minimum. The author provides a genetic analysis of the languages of the region and considers their historical relationships with languages of the same family outside it. She also examines changes brought about by recent contact with European languages and culture, and the linguistic and cultural effects of being part of a group that is aware of the threat to its language and identity. The book is presented in relatively nontechnical language and will interest linguists and anthropologists.
Contents
1. Language Contact and Language Change in Amazonia ; 2. Diffusional Phenomena in Phonology ; 3. Typological Profile and Pronominal Systems of East Tucanoan and Arawak Languages ; 4. Nominal Categories and Diffusion ; 5. The Diffusion of Verbal Categories ; 6. Diffusional Phenomena in Syntax and in Discourse ; 7. The Impact of Portuguese on Tariana ; 8. How to Keep Languages Apart: Code-Switching and Code-Mixing ; 9. Language Awareness and Correct Speech Among the Tariana ; 10. Diffusion of Patterns and Direct Diffusion in the Vaupes ; 11. Language Obsolescence and Language Change in Tariana ; 12. Language Contact in Multilingual Situations: Conclusions ; References ; Index of Languages ; Index of Authors ; Subject Index
