The Enlightenment : And Why it Still Matters

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The Enlightenment : And Why it Still Matters

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  • 製本 Paperback:紙装版/ペーパーバック版／ページ数 466 p.
  • 言語 ENG
  • 商品コード 9780198700883
  • DDC分類 940.253

Full Description

The Enlightenment and Why It Still Matters tells nothing less than the story of how the modern, Western view of the world was born. Cultural and intellectual historian Anthony Pagden explains how, and why, the ideal of a universal, global, and cosmopolitan society became such a central part of the Western imagination in the ferment of the Enlightenment - and how these ideas have done battle with an inward-looking, tradition-oriented view of the world ever since.

Cosmopolitanism is an ancient creed; but in its modern form it was a creature of the Enlightenment attempt to create a new 'science of man', based upon a vision of humanity made up of autonomous individuals, free from all the constraints imposed by custom, prejudice, and religion. As Pagden shows, this 'new science' was based not simply on 'cold, calculating reason', as its critics claimed, but on the argument that all humans are linked by what in the Enlightenment were called 'sympathetic' attachments. The conclusion was that despite the many tribes and nations into which humanity was divided there was only one 'human nature', and that the final destiny of the species could only be the creation of one universal, cosmopolitan society.

This new 'human science' provided the philosophical grounding of the modern world. It has been the inspiration behind the League of Nations, the United Nations and the European Union. Without it, international law, global justice, and human rights legislation would be unthinkable. As Anthony Pagden argues passionately and persuasively in this book, it is a legacy well worth preserving - and one that might yet come to inherit the earth.

Contents

Introduction: What is Enlightenment? ; 1. All Coherence Gone ; 2. Bringing Pity Back In ; 3. The Fatherless World ; 4. The Science of Man ; 5. Discovering Man in Nature ; 6. The Defence of Civilization ; 7. The Great Society of Mankind ; 8. The Vast Commonwealth of Nature ; Conclusion: Enlightenment and its Enemies ; Notes ; Bibliography ; Index